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In the case of a business, the profits must be arrived at on ordinary commercial principles. The scheme of the IT Act requires the determination of 'real income' on the basis of ordinary commercial principles of accountancy. To determine the 'real income', permissible expenses are required to be set off. There is, thus, a clear distinction between deductions made for ascertaining real profits and thereafter distributions made out of profits.The distribution would be application of income. There is also a distinction between real profits ascertained on commercial principles and profits fixed by a statute for a specific purpose. Income tax is a tax on real income.
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National Co-operative Development Corporation vs. CIT (Supreme Court)
(i) To decide whether a particular source is business income, one has to look to the notions of what is the business activity. The activity must have a set purpose. The fact that the assessee does not carry on business activity for profit motive is not material as profit making is not an essential ingredient (ii) The Act requires determination of 'real income' on the basis of ordinary commercial principles of accountancy. To determine the 'real income', permissible expenses are required to be set off. Every application of income towards business objective of the assessee is a business expenditure and nothing else (iii) Mediation inter se the Government authorities or Government departments is an efficacious remedy. A Committee of legal experts presided by a retired Judge can give its imprimatur to the settlement (iv) A vibrant system of Advance Ruling can go a long way in reducing taxation litigation. This is true even of disputes between the taxation department and private persons, who are more than willing to comply with the law of the land but find some ambiguity.In the case of a business, the profits must be arrived at on ordinary commercial principles. The scheme of the IT Act requires the determination of 'real income' on the basis of ordinary commercial principles of accountancy. To determine the 'real income', permissible expenses are required to be set off. There is, thus, a clear distinction between deductions made for ascertaining real profits and thereafter distributions made out of profits.The distribution would be application of income. There is also a distinction between real profits ascertained on commercial principles and profits fixed by a statute for a specific purpose. Income tax is a tax on real income.
Scheme For Faceless Assessments And Appeals – Analysis Thereof
Advocate V. P. Gupta has explained the scheme of faceless assessments and appeals in a precise manner. He has compared the provisions of the scheme with that prevalent in the USA and pinpointed the advantages and benefits to taxpayers. The ld. author has identified a few issues where clarifications from the Government is desired. He has also offered valuable suggestions on how the scheme can be made betterDemystifying Applicability Of Tax Audit u/s 44AB Of The Income-tax Act, 1961
CA Rajat Power has pointed out that section 44AB of the income-tax Act, 1961, which provides for tax audit of certain taxpayers, has been amended in the recent past in order to relax the compliance burden on small taxpayers. However, while these amendments are well-intentioned, they have increased confusion amongst taxpayers. The Ld. author has explained the law in a simple manner and provided clarity on the subject See Also: Digest of case laws (updated regularly) containing latest judgements reported in BCAJ, CTR, DTR, ITD, ITR, ITR (Trib), Chamber's Journal, SOT, Taxman, TTJ, BCAJ, ACAJ, www.itatonline.org and other journals
The ITAT Will Have To Conduct A Mix Of Virtual Hearings And Physical Hearings
Dr. K. Shivaram, Senior Advocate, has pointed out that the stakeholders in the ITAT will have no option but to adapt to a mixture of virtual and physical hearings, in order to dispose off appeals and do justice. The ld. author has offered valuable suggestions on how the challenges can be overcome and the task achieved with least hardship to all concerned
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